The Integration of Nature-Based Solutions into Climate Adaptation Policy and Planning in Bangladesh

This study reviews 20 relevant Bangladeshi national policy documents from the past three decades to investigate NbS as a potential framework to address climate change and societal challenges in the country. The analysis shows that among the 20 policies, 19 of them have no direct mention of NbS terminology. Instead, the policies include various strategies and terminologies that fall under the NbS umbrella, such as ecosystem-based adaptation, ecosystem services, and green and eco-building. Findings suggest that earlier national policy documents emphasise protection, conservation, and management of the country’s natural ecosystems and included several relevant actions that fall under the umbrella of NbS. However, these concepts and approaches have limitations that NbS can help overcome, which can also address sustainable development, human well-being, and biodiversity.