International Comparison of Nature-Based Solutions

This report explores the dynamics and politics of urban nature-based solutions innovations by comparing governance arrangements, public participation, financing mechanisms, innovation patterns and social impacts associated with the emergence and deployment of 54 nature-based solutions interventions grouped in a number of physical domains in 18 cities worldwide. The 18 cities covered in this report include the six partner cities in NATURVATION (Barcelona, Győr, Leipzig, Newcastle, Malmö, and Utrecht), six non-European cities (Boston, Cape Town, Melbourne, Mexico City, Tianjin, and Winnipeg) and six other European cities (Athens, Dublin, Edinburgh, Montpellier, Munich, and Sofia).